It may only take 1 application and 1 interview to get the job -- but most job seekers find it takes 20-30 applications to yield 3-4 interviews. That may generate 1 or 2 job offers.
To maximize your efforts:
- Decide what kind of job you want. That may be easy if you've got 15 years of experience as a Plastics Engineer; harder if you just graduated with a liberal arts degree.
- Identify what kind of company you'd like to work for. Big or small? Public, private, or family-owned? Located where? What do they do/buy/sell?
- Think about your personal preferences. Do you like working alone or with a team? Few meetings or lots of meetings? Travel? Short-term projects or long-term?
- Research the companies. Look at their website. Google them. Read their news releases. Research their competitors and the industry. What are their key issues? How can you help them solve those problems?
- Don't worry if you don't see a job advertised that fits your specifications/interests. While it's true that only 2% of jobs are filled from "unadvertised resumes," the majority of these are "bulk-mailed" resumes either without cover letters, or with "generic" cover letters. Highly targeted cover letters, sent to likely employers (even with no advertised openings) DO yield results.
- Draft a cover letter that "speaks" to the prospective employer. Demonstrate an understanding of their needs, your skills/qualifications, and -- most importantly -- how the two can be combined.
If you are interested in medical product sales, but are a nurse, talk about how your medical knowledge and ability to build rapport with physicians will enable you to quickly grasp complex product and disease information, leading to more effective sales presentations, and increased product sampling/adoption.
If you are seeking a new teaching position, don't just talk about lesson plans and class sizes -- talk about your teaching methodology and how it relates to the student population you'd be working with.
Remember: You don't have to be all things to all people; if you know what you have to offer, and target the employers who need what you deliver, it may only take applying to one company before you have the job you want!